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A book from Muhammad the Prophet (peace be upon him) between believers and Muslims constitution peace document
The third topic
document or newspaper
The Prophet organized the relations between the residents of the city, and wrote a book in this regard that was mentioned by historical sources. This book or newspaper aimed to clarify the obligations of all parties within the city, and to renew rights and duties. It was called in the old sources the book and the newspaper, and recent research called it (the constitution).
Dr. Akram Zia Al-Omri presented, in his book, the Sahih Prophetic Biography, a study of the ways in which the document was received, and he said: “It rises in its entirety to the rank of authentic hadiths” and explained that the style of the document is based on its authenticity. Its use later until it became closed to those who did not go into depth in the study of that period, and there are no texts in this document that praise or slander an individual or a group, or belong to anyone with flattery or slander, so I can say that it is an original and not forged document.” Then the great similarity between the style of the document and the methods of The books of the Prophet (pbuh) give it another documentation.
First: His book (peace be upon him) between the immigrants, the Ansar and the Jews:
Document text:
1- This is a letter from Muhammad the Prophet (Messenger of God) between the believers and Muslims of Quraysh (and the people of Yathrib), and whoever follows them, joins them and strives with them.
2- They are one nation without the people.
3- The emigrants from the Quraysh on their part, they trade between themselves and they ransom their sufferers with kindness and equity among the believers.
4- The Banu Awf, on the basis of their quarters, take care of their first strongholds, and each group ransoms its sufferers with kindness and equity among the believers.
5- The Banu Al-Harith (Ben Al-Khazraj) according to their rank, they exchange their first strongholds, and every sect ransoms its sufferers with kindness and equity among the believers.
6- The Banu Sa’idah, on their part, are interned, the first being arrested, and each sect ransoms its sufferers in a kind manner among the believers.
7- The Banu Jashem are on the basis of their quarters, and they exchange their first strongholds, and every sect ransoms its sufferers with kindness and equity among the believers.
8- And the sons of al-Najjar are according to their rights, and they take care of their first strongholds, and every group ransoms its sufferers with kindness and equity among the believers.
9- Amr ibn Awf intends to be reconciled with their first strongholds, and every sect will redeem its sufferers with kindness and equity among the believers.
10- The Banu al-Nabit are based on their quarters. They are the first strongholds of each other, and each group ransoms its sufferers with kindness and equity among the believers.
11- The Banu al-Aws are on their fours, and they live in their first strongholds, and every sect ransoms its sufferers with kindness and equity among the believers.
12- And the believers do not leave the joy among them that they give him in a kind way of ransom or reason, that a believer does not ally with the guardian of a believer without him.
13- And the pious believers (their hands) are against (every) one of them who transgresses or seeks to spread injustice, sin, enmity, or corruption among the believers, and that their hands are all against him, even if he is the son of one of them.
14- A believer does not kill a believer against an unbeliever, nor does he help a disbeliever over a believer.
15- The protection of God is one, and the least of them are compensated for them, and the believers are loyal to each other rather than the people.
16- And whoever of the Jews who follow us will have victory and equality, not being oppressed and not supporting them.
17- And if the believers are greeted as one, no believer will be at peace without a believer in a fight in the cause of God, nor is there equal and fairness between them.
18- And that every invader invaded one another.
19- And the believers blame each other for what was shed on their blood in the cause of God.
20- And the pious believers are on the best and most upright guidance, that he does not love a polytheist for the property of Quraysh, nor for a soul, and does not prevent a believer from doing that.
21- And that whoever kills a believer on the basis of evidence, he is led by him unless the guardian of the murdered is satisfied (with reason), and that the believers are all against him, and it is only permissible for them to rise against him.
22. And that it is not permissible for a believer who acknowledges what is in the scroll, and believes in God and the Last Day, to support or shelter an innovator, and that whoever supports him or shelters him, then God’s curse and wrath will be upon him on the Day of Resurrection, and no exchange or justice will be taken from him.
23- And that whatever thing you differ about, it is due to God and to Muhammad (peace be upon him).
24 - The Jews spend with the believers as long as they are at war.
25- And the Jews of Banu Auf are a nation with the believers, for the Jews have their religion, and the Muslims have their religion, and their masters and their selves, except for the one who wrongs himself and commits a sin, for he does not destroy anyone but himself and his family.
26- The Jews of Bani al-Najjar have the same rights as the Jews of Bani Awf.
27- And the Jews of Bani Al-Harith have the same thing as the Jews of Bani Awf.
28- The Jews of Banu Sa’idah have the same thing as the Jews of Banu Auf.
29- The Jews of Bani Jashem have the same as the Jews of Bani Awf.
30- The Jews of Banu al-Aws have the same thing as the Jews of Banu Auf.
31- And the Jews of Banu Tha’labah have the same thing as what the Jews of Banu have except for those who are unjust and sinful, for there is no one but himself and his family.
32- And if the eyelids have alopecia, they are like themselves.
33- The Bani Ash-Shatiba has the same as that of the Jews of Bani Auf, and that righteousness is less than sin.
34 - And the loyalists of alopecia themselves.
35- The lining of the Jews themselves.
36- And that none of them will leave without the permission of Muhammad (pbuh).
37- The Jews have to spend on them, and the Muslims have to spend on them, and among them is victory over those who fought the people of this paper, and among them is advice, advice and righteousness without sin.
38- And that a person does not sin against his ally, and that victory is for the oppressed.
39- The Jews spend with the believers as long as they are warriors.
40- And if Yathrib is forbidden, its hollow is forbidden to the people of this newspaper.
41- The neighbor is like a soul, neither harming nor sinning.
42- And that there is no sanctity of merchants except with the permission of its people.
43- And if there was any incident or quarrel among the people of this newspaper whose corruption is feared, then it is attributed to God and to Muhammad, the Messenger of God (peace be upon him).
44-And among them is victory over those who attacked Yathrib.
[And it is not the merchants of Quraysh, nor its supporters.] (From that Hisham)
45-a- And if they call for reconciliation, they reconcile with it and wear it, then they reconcile with it or wear it.
b- All people have their right from their side who accepted them.
46- And the Jews of the Aws, their masters and their selves, are on the same as what the people of this newspaper have with pure righteousness from the people of this newspaper, and that righteousness without sin, the earner does not earn except on himself, and God is over what is truer in what is in this newspaper, he is more righteous.
47- And that this book does not prevent an oppressor or a sinner, for whoever goes out is safe, and whoever sits is safe in Madinah, except for those who have wronged and sinned, and that God is a neighbor to those who are righteous and pious, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God (peace be upon him).
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